May 7, 2012 | Daily Monitoring Report.

Main Story

Children bear brunt of Somalia strife

07 May – Source: News Day – 368 words

The Somali flag is plain, a sea of light blue with a white, five-point star in the centre. The blue honours the United Nations which was instrumental in Somalia’s independence and the white represents peace and prosperity. The points of the star symbolise the five major Somali ethnic regions that were divided by the colonial powers before independence in 1960.

But, the Somali star has been falling since the 1991 overthrow of President Mohamed Siad Barre ignited a heartless civil war. The country’s infrastructure has been totally shattered, and no official government was created to rebuild what the war destroyed until the recent inauguration of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Sheikh Sharif Ahmed with the support of the African Union mission in Somalia (Amisom).

Severe droughts and years of war have killed nearly a million residents and at least 2,5 million are refugees in their country of birth or are internally displaced persons (IDPs). Over 4 000 Somali refugees are trying to rebuild their lives from the ashes of lifelong strife and civil war. Like many immigrants before them, they came here with nothing but their culture and customs, and a hope for a better life.

Key Headlines

PM speech – Somali Traditional leaders’ events (Office of the Prime Minister)
Children bear brunt of Somalia strife (News Day)
Traditional Elders Convened in Mogadishu (TFG)
Al Shabaab fighters surrender to TFG forces in Daynile (Radio Mogadishu/SONNA)
Traditional elders’ conference continues 3rd day in Mogadishu (Shabelle)
Kuwait’s Emir Holds Talks with Somali President ( Kuwait News Agency)
Deadly fight erupts on the outskirt of Beledweyne town (Radio Bar-kulan)
NGO condemns deployment of S. Leone troops in Somalia (Daily Monitor)
Somalia’s Planning and International Cooperation minister meets WFP country director (Radio Mogadishu)
Somali PM congratulates Shabelle Media Network (Shabelle)
Yemen captures 14 Somali pirates in Gulf of Aden: ministry (Xinua)
TFG/ASWJ forces clash in Beledweyne (Radio Kulmiye)

PRESS STATEMENT

PM speech – Somali Traditional leaders’ events

05 May – Source: Office of the Prime Minister – 1025 words

Honorable Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, President of the Somali Republic,Honorable Sharif Hassan Sheikh Adan Speaker of the parliament, Members of the cabinet, esteemed members of parliament, Somali traditional leaders, Commanders of the Somali armed forces, Somali musicians, Media fraternity, And all guests participating in this meeting

I greet you all

Today is a historic day in which we intend to realize real change. It’s the first time the Somali traditional leaders meet in the country while representing the Somali people and having their full backing.

A heavy responsibility is upon the shoulders of the Somali traditional leaders in selecting the representatives who are to approve the new constitution and also the selection of the new parliament. The traditional leaders are today convened at their motherland, particularly the capital Mogadishu to select the leaders who will be the hope and saviors of this country in order to take it out of its current mess.

We are passing at a crucial and critical moment which is an opportune time for holding meetings which will shape the destiny of this great nation. It’s the role of every Somali to support the traditional leaders in their endeavour to perform this crucial task in the coming days.

It was on September 6 when the Somalis signed the roadmap. That meeting marked the first time in history when Somali leaders met briefly and reached a conclusive agreement. The period marked the start of Somali unity and solidarity in which the Somalis agreed on an issue.

It pleases me a lot to see all of us gathered here for the purpose of ending the transitional period come August this year where a new constitution will be adopted and new parliament formed. These two will then form a government based on legitimacy and inclusiveness.

There has been no central government in Somali for a period of 20 years. We have been moving from one transitional period to another for 12 years which did not allow us to hold bilateral talks with our neighboring countries. To form a legitimate government that enjoys the support of its people, we need to have a constitution that will be a substitute to the federal charter. Before eight years, it was agreed upon that the charter to remain in place for another two and half years to give ample time for the preparation of a constitution.

The parliament has been on the tail of all the previous transitional governments to complete the constitution. Such was the importance the parliament was giving to bring an end to the transitional period. Fortunately, we see today the hope we have been yearning for in order to end the transitional period.

The government gave priority to devise the best way to complete the transitional tasks which lead to the September 6 meeting in which the roadmap was signed, paving the way for being on track in a unified and solid way. This has made possible for today’s gathering to ratify the new constitution and ultimately form a new parliament.

For the last eight months, tremendous and sweeping changes have been realized on security issues, cooperation with the regional administration, completing the draft constitution and good governance. We gave close interest to the completion of the draft constitution where an independent Federal constitution commission was formed, gave our undivided attention and support including Somali experts on constitution and Islamic affairs. The two commissions have been working tirelessly to complete the constitution. I am happy that the constitution commissions have beat the deadline and submitted the first copy of the draft constitution on April 20, 2012.

I thank the Somali people who are today more than ready to realize change and new government that serves the interest of our people.

The bottom-line for the Somalia’s constitution is the Qur’an and the tradition of the prophet (Peace be Upon Him). Somalia is an Islamic country and the government is Islam. No religion other than Islam can be exercised in the country. Any change will be made to the constitution where deemed fit. It is however worth noting that the representative who will approve the constitution will do so in transitional way. This means that the new government will be using the constitution until it makes popular consultation. The constitution will be legitimate only after a referendum has been carried out.

In May 23, 1960, 110 Somali representatives debated about the draft constitution and approved it in June 1960 in a transitional way. Referendum was carried out in 1961. Today we will select 850 representatives to approve the constitution.

It’s important that traditional leaders make consultations with their tribes to select competent persons who will complete the qualifications such as respect and esteem among the people, persons who haven’t committed felony, persons who can represent the people, persons who put public interest before personal interest and many more good qualities. It’s a big responsibility which will determine your credibility in the eyes of the public. We can enjoy the confidence of the public when you select viable people who can represent the country.

Today, we have the best opportunity to complete our remaining tasks in patriotic and unified way

In the last 10 months, we were able to liberate areas like Mogadishu, Beledweyn, Baidoa, Hudur, Gedo and some parts ofJuba regions from the tyranny of al Shabaab. These victories have been brought by the gallant soldiers of Somalia while getting support from our African brothers. Allow me to use this platform to congratulate and thank our heroes in the Somali National Army for standing firm against the wave of currents.

The government is committed to consolidate the gains made in order to expedite the peace and state of normalcy so long needed by the Somali people. All Somalis must take part in this long journey to reclaim our lost glory and nationhood.

I advise the Somali traditional leaders to be patient and show stoicism. You are under the powerful watchful eye of the Somali people and the international community. I ask the international community to double their unrelenting support at such crucial times.

I thank all those who participated in the preparation of this colorful event in Mogadishu and all participants.

Wassalamu Alaikum Waraxmatullah Wabarakatuh.

Traditional Elders Convened in Mogadishu

06 May – Source: TFG – 319 words

The Constituent Assembly conference was convened in Mogadishu today, bringing together 135 traditional elders to decide the selection of the assembly that will adopt a constitution and a new parliament.

The well-attended ceremonial day featured the President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker of the Parliament, who received the traditional elders with enthusiasms and praised their leadership. The conference signifies the commitment of the signatories of the Roadmap, especially in the agreement to end the transitional period in time.

“We welcome our national elders; welcome to Mogadishu” said President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, who expressed “confidence in the elders” and stated that they will lead the nation to a national unity. The President expressed his appreciation to the donors that supported Somalia throughout the transitional periods.

“The Somali people are expecting a lot from the elders today” said the Speaker of the Parliament, Sharif Hassan, who urged the elders “to agree on all common national interests.”

The government explained its achievements over the last several months and ensured that it will finalize the activities of the Roadmap within the remaining months. The Prime Minister, Abdiwali Mohamed Ali, stressed the improvements made so far in the security area that enabled the government to host a major conference of this scale.

The civil society groups were also present in the conference, and stated their commitments to support the traditional elders who embody not only the interests of civil society groups, but also the larger society as well.

The government considers this conference a great milestone, converging key traditional elders and completing the draft constitution, which brings the outstanding benchmarks in the Roadmap to few activities before August 20, 2012.

The Minister of Constitution, Mr. Abdirahman Hosh Jibril, expelled the misinformation that certain groups were making on the draft constitution. “The draft constitution complies with our faith” said Mr. Jibril who encouraged the public to support the traditional elders to deliver their mandate.

SOMALI MEDIA

Al Shabaab fighters surrender to TFG forces in Daynile

07 May – Source: Radio Mogadishu/SONNA – 184 words

Daynile District Commissioner Dahir Hassan Hussein has said that five heavily armed al Shabaab extremists surrendered to the Somali government forces in Daynille district west of the Somali capital Mogadishu. Five underage fighters who were manning a check point surrendered themselves to the TFG forces that were controlling another check point not far from that point.

The five al Shabaab defectors were all carrying AK47 rifles, rocket propeller grenade and some other sophisticated guns as well as hundreds of ammunitions as they changed bases for fear of dying helplessly in the vast district. ‘‘This is a crime against humanity as well as child abuse, look at this innocent children being forced to fight a war that they barely understand’’ Daynille DC told journalists.

“This is a clear sign to the whole world that the al Shabaab has no respect for human life; they recruit underage fighters and hand them weapons that are not meant for this minors’’ Dahir added. The Somali government forces have managed to place into its control strategic towns in Somalia that were key al Shabaab strongholds that they were using to launch attacks from.

Traditional elders’ conference continues 3rd day in Mogadishu

07 May – Source: Shabelle – 141 wors

The Traditional Elders’ conference which was convened in Mogadishu on Saturday got underway its third day bringing together 135 Somali traditional elders to select the constituent assembly that will adopt a constitution and a new parliament. The well-attended ceremonial day featured the President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker of the Parliament, who received the traditional elders with enthusiasms and praised their leadership.

The heavily secured meeting is underway at the police academy in Mogadishu’s Abdiaziz district, where 135 clan-elders will nominate and select those who will serve in the 825-member Constituent Assembly, which is tasked with drafting a new constitution, as well as in the new Parliament.

President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, speaker of the parliament Sharif Hassan and Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali Gaas among many other Ministers and MPs were in attendance at the opening of the meeting.

Deadly fight erupts outskirt of Beledweyne town

07 May – Source: Radio Bar-kulan – 96 words

A fierce fighting has reportedly erupted between Somali troops and Al-Shabaab militant group in Beledweyne town on Sunday night. The fighting occurred when heavily armed militants launched attacks on a government military base on the outskirt of the city.

Hiran deputy regional governor Ahmed Osman Abdalle told Bar-kulan that Al-Shabaab militants attacked their base prompting a deadly gunfire in the area. He said their forces repelled the attackers. Although the exact number of casualties still remains unknown, Abdalle claimed that eight militants were killed during the gun-battle and only three of their soldiers sustained light injuries.

Somalia’s Planning and International Cooperation minister meets WFP country director

06 May – Source: Radio Mogadishu – 193 words

The Minister for Planning and International Cooperation of Somalia Goodax Barre met with Stefano Porretti, the World Food Programme’s Somalia country director in Mogadishu where they discussed humanitarian situations and relief programmes. After the meeting, the two leaders addressed a press conference. Minister Barre said they discussed with WFP the humanitarian issues and how to help the Somali IDPs at the onset of the rainy season which could change their situation and how to combat the possible effects of the rain.

The country director of WFP Stefano Porretti thanked the Somali government headed by the Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali for their cooperation with the WFP. “We discussed with the government the humanitarian situations of the Somali people. We believe the start of the rains will affect the IDPs. We discussed the possible measures to minimise consequences of the rains” Stefano said.

Stefano mentioned that WFP implemented numerous projects other than the relief food and promised they will increase their activities and support to the Somali people. Minister Barre assured the cooperation of the TFG with the WFP and create an environment where humanitarian activities will be accelerated to help the Somali people.

TFG/ASWJ forces clash in Beledweyne

07 May – Source: Radio Kulmiye – 98 words

Fighting is reported from Beledweyne (the capital of Hiiran Region) after government troops and allied Ahlusunah group clashed in the town over political issues. Witness told radio Kulmiye that the two sides used heavy weapons for hours, it is not yet confirmed how many people may have died in the latest clashes in Beledweyne. Somali transitional federal government TFG and alongside with Ethiopian forces had been controlling the city since al Shabaab withdrawal from the town several months ago.

Somali PM congratulates Shabelle Media Network

06 May – Source: Shabelle – 118 words

Somali Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohammed Ali on Sunday congratulated Shabelle Media Network on its 10th anniversary since establishment. The premier said Shabelle Media and its journalists made great improvement in the ten years it was covering accurate and impartial news in war-torn Somalia. “I take this opportunity to offer Shabelle Media my deepest and heartfelt congratulation for its 10the anniversary. Really the station has worked under harsh conditions to cover the problems facing the country,” Somali PM added.

Lastly, he called upon the administration and staff of Shabelle to continue their work for Somali people and make sure the accuracy of the news before covering it.

Rift erupts within al Shabaab’s leadership in Lower Juba

06 May – Source: Bar-kulan – 124 wors

Reports from Lower Juba region indicate that a strong rift has emerged between senior leaders of al Shabaab rebel group in the region over alleged dismissal of the group’s leader in Afmadow town. Reliable sources say that the rift emerged when the rebel group allegedly dismissed Mohamed Abu Sa’ad who has been the Afmadow district commissioner and replaced him with Ahmed Adde.Sa’ad who is now in the port city of Kismayo rubbished his dismissal insisting that he still remains the legitimate Afmadow district commissioner, prompting internal wrangles within the ranks of the militant group. Meanwhile, al Shabaab militants have arrested 15 people in Kismayo in the last 24 hour for allegedly being involved in criminal activities. The accused were reportedly rounded up from Farjano and Gul-wade neighbourhoods.

Somali militant group fires Afgoye chief, names new one

07 May – Source: Radio Kulmiye – 93 words

Somali militant fires Sheikh Abuu Bashiir who was the cheif of Afgoye town for al Shabaab administration in that town. the group announced that they have fired the man and replaced him with a new chief named as Sheikh Hassan. It is not clear why al Shabaab replaced the former chief in Afgoye but the group was at in string of stark tactical rearrangements since they were ousted from Mogadishu and other parts of south and central Somalia where government forces and its allied Ethiopians have launched multiple attacks including ground offensives and airstikes.

Somaliland President Silanyo appoints new ambassadors in key positions

06 May – Source: Somaliland Press – 124 words

Somaliland President Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed (Silanyo) named last night new diplomats in key foreign positions that for the first time are seeing the women gender as Somaliland ambassadors. Mr. Ali Adam Awale becomes the new ambassador to the UK, Lula A. J Osman is to be the new ambassador to Canada and Mr. Ali Ismail Hasan is to be the new Ambassador to France. To the Scandinavian countries of Norway and Sweden Mr. Sulub Warsame Hussein and Roda Jamal Elmi will be the new ambassadors respectively.

Nearer home, the important Nairobi position whose former occupier is the late Mohamed Indha Buur, Mr. Mohamud Abdillahi Jama (Safiir), will be the new ambassador while lastly Mr. Kayse Abdikadir Mohamed has been named as the new ambassador -at-large.

District commissioner says there is effort to assure security

07 May – Source: Radio Risaala, Universal TV – 105 words

The district commissioner of Warta-nabada Deeqo Abdiqadir Mahamed who talked to Risaala radio in Mogadishu said they are stepping up efforts to assure the security of the district. She said there are attacks launched from Warta-nabada district targeting the presidential palace in the recent days and they have plans of putting an end to such attacks. Similarly, Deeqo Abdiqadir said the security agents are on high alert and the situation in Warta-nabada is now calm and improving. It was third of this month when the police said they have arrested members of al Shabaab who were launching mortar from Warta-nabada

REGIONAL MEDIA

NGO condemns deployment of S. Leone troops in Somalia

07 May – Source: Daily Monitor – 246 words

A Freetown-based NGO, Pan-African Community Movement, has condemned the pending deployment of Sierra Leonean troops in Somalia. Over 800 Sierra Leonean troops are at an advanced stage of preparation for deployment in restive southern Somalia as part of the UN-backed African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM).

A few weeks back the Somali militant group, al Shabaab, warned the Sierra Leone government against the deployment, sparking heated media debate about the rationale behind the government`s decision to deploy. PACM becomes the first organised group to have issued a statement on Saturday, calling the government’s decision “wrong” and stressed that the problem in Somalia cannot be resolved by military means.

“The deployment of Sierra Leonean soldiers in Somalia is wrong,” the organisation said in a statement. It added that it could only be seen by the Somali people as “an attempt by the rulers of Sierra Leone to be part of the greater conspiracy, sponsored by western imperialist forces to dominate and further the long suffering of the people of Somalia and deepen the conflict.”

Kuwait’s Emir Holds Talks with Somali President

06 May – Source: Kuwait News Agency – 159 words

The Emir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah held on Sunday talks with visiting Somali President Sharif Sheikh Ahmad. Deputy Minister of Emiri Diwan Affairs Sheikh Ali Jarrah Al-Sabah said that the talks dealt with ways of strengthening and enhancing relations between the two countries in all domains as well as means to expand cooperation frameworks between the two sides.

Somalia authorities clarify on incidence in Zambia embassy

06 May – Source: Africa Review – 258 words

Somalia government Sunday clarified that the diplomatic row in Lusaka, leading to the temporal closure of the embassy in the country, was caused by a Somali national masquerading as an envoy. Zambian authorities late Friday closed the embassy after confusion emerged when another “diplomat” was sent in to take up the appointment without the knowledge of the one serving Shirwa Ibrahim.

“It is a very embarrassing situation that we had to disclose our differences at the police station,” Mr Ibrahim, who took up office three months ago, said. According to the ambassador, the man who turned up to claim his post, only identified as Muhammed, was a resident and a member of the Somali-Zambia Friendship Association. The ambassador also accused Somalis in Zambia of frustrating his government’s operations in the country.

Two million Somali refugees in Yemen

06 May – Source: Gulf News/ Yemen Post – 112 words

Yemen’s Ministry of Interior has said that the number of Somali refugees in the country has reached two million despite mounting instability and political turbulence. According to the ministry’s website, the mass exodus of Africans has soared since the beginning of this year and Yemen received last month an unprecedented number of the African refugees.

In April, police detained 1,147 Ethiopians who left their refugee camps in the south and infiltrated into many provinces in the country. Most of the illegal immigrants were captured in the southern province of Sa’ada, bordering Saudi Arabia. The ministry called upon the international community to help to Yemen to cope with the flow of African migrants.

INTERNATIONAL MEDIA

Yemen captures 14 Somali pirates in Gulf of Aden: ministry

07 May – Source: Xinhua – 143 words

Yemen’s Costal Guard forces on Sunday captured 14 Somali pirates off the country’s island of Socotra in the Gulf of Aden, the defense ministry said. “The Yemeni Coastal Guard forces captured 14 Somali pirates off Socotra Island early on Sunday and have transferred them to security authorities for investigation,” the ministry said in a brief statement on its website.

On April 19, the Yemeni interior ministry said that a Spanish warship helped release nine Yemeni fishermen who were captured by Somali pirates in the Arabian Sea. In November, 2011, a Yemeni criminal court sentenced 10 Somalis to 10 years in prison after convicting them of piracy in Yemen’s territorial waters, according to the state-run Saba news agency.

The Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Aden, well-known pirate- infested waters between Yemen and Somalia, is the main route for about 25,000 ships every year.

Children bear brunt of Somalia strife

07 May – Source: News Day – 368 words

SOCIAL MEDIA

CULTURE / OPINION / EDITORIAL / BLOGS/ DISCUSSION BOARDS

“The Somali crisis is multidimensional; it cannot be analysed from a Western point of view. Furthermore, at the regional level, after twenty years of failure, people have completely lost confidence in both the government and the international community. The Somali government is now trying to force its people to sign a constitution which has many flaws and at the same time divides society into different segments and federal states.”

Flawed constitution could unleash another civil war in Somalia

07 May – Source: Somali Talk – 634 Words

Somalia has been through a difficult time in the last 21 years Rivalry between clan faction leaders has led to killing, starvation and dislocation until 2006, when the Islamic Courts Union took control of Mogadishu and nearly all of Southern Somalia. Unfortunately, thanks to the interference of Ethiopian forces with the blessing of the United States, the ICU couldn’t last more than six months.

After 21 years and more than 14 peace conferences, Somalia is still without a stable national government and it will never get one in the near future unless the United Nations demands that the international community stop interfering in Somalia’s affairs politically and militarily.

“Urban warfare needs a lot of vigilance and some specialized equipment and training. However, in terms of fatigue and energy expenditure, bush fighting is more exerting â”€ walking long distances, crossing raging rivers, etc. Initially, in Mogadishu there was over sights in connection with acquiring some breaching means to break into walls. It problem was identified and solved.”

Mogadishu: Museveni responds to Obbo

07 May – Source: New Vision – 3381 Words

One of the greatest enemies of NRM is Henry Obbo. When he was in the Daily Monitor Newspaper and, more recently, while in the East African Newspaper â”€ all belonging to H.H. AgaKhan – he always pours venom on the work of NRM that it is corrupt, it is led by greedy people who cling to power, etc, etc.

The NRM, however, ignores such charlatans and continues with its historic mission of liberating Uganda, liberating Africa and modernizing Uganda. In spite of internal treachery that sometimes delays our work, Uganda is growing and is unstoppable.

“Business community, which prospered over the years, is frustrated about the lack of business opportunity in the country. This is why Dahabshiil HQ is based in Djibouti and not in Hargeisa. To ensure the continuation of the relative peace and tranquility that prevailed in the enclave for the best part of the past two decades, Ahmed Silanyo and his administration should grab the bull by the horn and take bold and brave decisions in declaring the secession project nil and void (untenable) and start serious negotiations with his counterparts in Mogadishu.”

Is “Somaliland” Crumbling on Ahmed Silanyo’s Feet?

06 May – Source: Mareeg – 1100 Words

Following the London conference on Somalia earlier this year in which the secessionist enclave called “Somaliland” was rejected by the international community as a separate state, some die-hard extremists in this camp are fighting tooth and nail to keep the momentum of secession going even when things seem to be crumbling right on their feet. In the aforementioned conference, the international community has clearly reaffirmed its support for Somalia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, which dealt a mortal blow to the secessionist’s twenty-year long quest for a separate statehood.

Since the secessionist movement had not participated in the Kampala Accord, Growe principles I and Growe Principles II, it was reasonably logic for the international community to call for a meeting between “Somaliland” and the TFG to bring the former on board. Consequently, a secessionist entity that refused to sit down with their fellow brethren time and again for well over two long decades of misery, division, isolation and economic doldrums had all of sudden initiated a unilateral dialogue with the TFG with a minimum set of preconditions to the astonishment of everyone, including their very own constituencies.

“The United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime is paying for the transport and the prison facility, according to U.S. State Department officials. The first prisoners were transferred from the tiny island nation of Seychelles, located off the east coast of Africa, where small facilities have been quickly overcrowded. The new prison is in Hargeisa, the capital of the self-governed breakaway enclave of Somaliland.”

New pirate prison in Somalia aims to relieve international overload

07 May – Source: CNN Blog – 527 Words

Somali pirates captured on the high seas and prosecuted in other countries are now being transferred to a new prison in Somalia. It’s a significant change for countries combating piracy but are seeing their own jail systems overwhelmed as the U.S. and other countries continue to catch and turn over pirates to countries willing to prosecute them.

The prison, located in the self-governed northern part of Somalia, accepted its first detainees at the end of March, according to U.S. State Department officials.

Top tweets

@Rooble2009 Foreign Minister says “Somaliland was never part of the #Somalia road map and never signed. That should be considered in Istanbul conference”.

@amal_leila Photo of Somali youth at a market in 1969, Hudur district in Bakool region of #Somalia. http://tmblr.co/ZS85qwL1NfSA Nice Afros.

@bartlettcharles 4 out of 10 #Somalia pirates die when they go onto the water. http://bit.ly/IQukry #Prosecution is not the answer. Like most “crimes”.

@ianbirrell There’s a building boom in #Mogadishu, a sure sign of changing times in #Somalia http://bit.ly/K5qIBe.

@noahgo English&Kiswahili on the rise in #Somalia thanks to trade & #AMISOM – interesting bit on female traders http://is.gd/7B0SJx HT @astridhka.

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Image of the day

Image of the day More than 135 Somali traditional elders convened in the capital Mogadishu over the weekend to select a National Constituent Assembly that will approve the proposed draft constitution. Photo: Radio Mogadishu